Hábitos sociales, prácticas de higiene bucal e hidratación en deportistas
Resumen
Introducción: Hábitos sociales, salud bucal y estilo de vida son importantes, no solo desde la perspectiva del desarrollo deportivo, sino también desde la salud pública. Objetivos: Investigar hábitos sociales, prácticas de higiene bucal e hidratación en deportistas. Métodos: Estudio transversal, descriptivo, de 647 atletas de diferentes deportes. Se investigaron las siguientes variables: deportes practicados, consumo de refrescos y bebidas alcohólicas, tabaquismo, hábito de respirar por la boca, uso de medicamentos, prácticas de higiene oral y consumo de agua, bebidas isotónicas y energéticas. Resultados: 313 atletas (48,53%) respiran por la boca durante la práctica deportiva, 381 (58,89%) no bebieron refrescos, 618 (95,52%) no fumaron y 98 (15,15%) consumieron bebidas alcohólicas al menos dos veces a la semana. La mayoría (85,63%) bebió solo agua, mientras que 138 (21,33%) consumió bebidas energéticas durante el ejercicio. La mayor cantidad de estos deportistas entrenó entre 3 y 5 días a la semana (67,08%), durante 2 a 4 horas al día (76,05%). El hilo dental no fue utilizado por 212 atletas (32,77%). El uso de medicamentos fue reportado por 114 atletas (17,62%), y la mayoría de estos medicamentos fueron recetados médicamente. La mayoría informó desconocer el hecho de que los medicamentos podrían ser doping. Conclusiones: Una gran parte tenía el hábito de respirar por la boca durante la práctica deportiva, y aunque todos se cepillaban los dientes, un número considerable carecía de conocimiento sobre el uso del hilo dental. El consumo de refrescos y bebidas alcohólicas, uso de medicamentos y tabaquismo fueron bajos.
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