Efeito da hidroginástica associada ao treinamento de flexibilidade no controle postural de idosas

Elciana de Paiva Lima Vieira; Edmundo de Drummond Alves Júnior; Jonas Lírio Gurgel

doi:10.46642/efd.v30i330.7932

Elciana de Paiva Lima Vieira Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6875-8529
Edmundo de Drummond Alves Júnior Universidade Gama Filho (UGF) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1664-1542
Jonas Lírio Gurgel Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9355-7793

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46642/efd.v30i330.7932

Abstract

Introduction: The aging process involves many changes that can increase the risk of falls. Among the risk factors, changes in postural control and loss of flexibility are likely related. Objective: To analyze the effect of flexibility training associated with aquatic gym on postural control and joint range of motion in elderly women. Methodology: 46 elderly women were divided into 2 groups: 25 women participated in flexibility training in addition to aquatic gym (IG), and 21 performed only aquatic gym (CG). Postural control was assessed by measuring center of pressure (CoP) oscillations and maximum joint range of motion with a goniometer. Results: According to the analysis of comparisons of the variables measured between the groups using the Student's t-test, the IG did not present significant changes in postural control. The CG demonstrated a substantial reduction in mean velocity (p=0.03) and total displacement of the COP in the mediolateral axis (CoPy) (p=0.04). The IG significantly increased the maximum joint range of motion in the hip and ankle joints. The CG showed a significant reduction in the mean velocity (p=0.03) and total displacement of the CoP in the anteroposterior axis (p=0.04). The IG increased the range of motion in the hip and ankle joints. Conclusion: Therefore, associated training contributes to the improvement of the range of motion in the hip and ankle joints. Furthermore, the isolated practice of aquatic gym contributes to the improvement of postural control in elderly women.

Keywords: Postural balance, Articular range of motion, Aged

References

Alvarenga, R., Porto, F., Braga, R., Cantreva, R., Espinosa, G., Itaborahy, A., Soares, PP, e Gurgel, J. (2011). Construction and calibration of a low-cost force plate for human balance evaluation. Portuguese Journal of Sports Sciences, 11(Suppl 2), 961-964. https://ojs.ub.uni-konstanz.de/cpa/article/view/4994

Borg, G. (2000). Escalas de Borg para dor e esforço percebido (1ª ed.). Editora Manole.

Campos, C.M. (2019). Efeitos de um treinamento multimodal no controle postural de idosos da comunidade [Tese de doutorado. Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo]. https://doi.org/10.11606/D.5.2019.tde-25102019-161648

Etikan, I., Musa, S.A., e Alkassim, R.S. (2016). Comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 5(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20160501.11

Feland, B., Myrer, W., Schulthies, S., Fellingham, G., e Meason, G. (2001). The effect of duration of stretching of the hamstring muscle group for increasing range of motion in people aged 65 years or older. Physical Therapy, 81(5), 1110-1117. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/81.5.1110

Hernández-Guillén, D., Tolsada-Velasco, C., Roig-Casasús, S., Costa-Moreno, E., Borjade-Fuentes, I., e Blasco, J.M. (2021). Association ankle function and balance in community-dwelling older adults. PloS One, 16(3), e0247885. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247885

Henry, M., e Baudry, S. (2019). Age-related changes in leg proprioception: implications for postural control. Journal of Neurophysiology, 122(2), 525-538. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00067.2019

Khani, M.K., Ardakani, K.M., e Mansori, M.H. (2021). Investigating the Relationship between Lower Limb Flexibility with Motor Function and Risk of Falling in Visually Impaired Individuals. Physical Treatments-Specific Physical Therapy Journal, 11(2), 93-102. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/ptj.11.2.429.2

Kim, S.B., e O’Sullivan, D.M. (2013). Effects of aqua aerobic therapy exercise for older adults on muscular strength, agility and balance to prevent falling during gait. Journal of Physical Therapy Sciences, 25(8), 923-927. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.25.923

Navarro-Ruiz, A., Caro-Alonso, P.A., e Rodríguez-Martín, B. (2022). Eficacia del ejercicio acuático en personas mayores de 50 años prefrágiles. Una revisión sistemática. Gerokomos, 33(3), 168-174. https://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1134-928X2022000300007

Passos, B.M.A., Souza, L.H.R., Silva, F.M., Lima, R.M., e Oliveira, R.J. (2008). Contribuições da hidroginástica nas atividades da vida diária e na flexibilidade de mulheres idosas. Revista da Educação Física/UEM, 19(1), 71-76. https://doi.org/10.4025/reveducfis.v19i1.4316

Pereira, C.B., e Kanashiro, A.M.K. (2022). Falls in older adults: a practical approach. Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria, 80(5 suppl 1), 313-323. https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2022-s107

Santos, A.G., e Vilela, A.T. (2020). Benefícios físicos da hidroginástica na terceira idade. Revista Prisma, 1(2), 34-45. https://revistaprisma.emnuvens.com.br/prisma/article/view/20

Shumway-Cook, A., e Woollacott, H.M. (2010). Controle motor: Teoria e aplicações práticas (3ª ed.). Editora Manole.

Soriano-Férriz, B., e Alacid, F. (2018). Programas y ejercicios de flexibilidade dentro de las clases de educación física, en niños y niñas escolares, y su efecto en la mejora de la extensibilidad isquiosural: Una revisión sistemática. MHSalud, 15 (1), 1-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15359/mhs.15-1.1

Teixeira, C.S., Lemos, L.F.C., Lopes, L.F.D., Rossi, A.G., e Mota, C.B. (2008). Corporal balance and physical exercises: An investigation in older adult women who practice different exercise modalities. Acta Fisiátrica, 15(3), 156-159. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2317-0190.v15i3a102939

Zanin, N.B., Mascarenhas, J.L., Torres-Silva, R., Mafra, F.F.P., e Macedo, M.M. (2019). Influência da prática de hidroginástica no equilíbrio e independência funcional de mulheres idosas. Revista Científica da Faminas, 14(1), 14-21. https://periodicos.faminas.edu.br/index.php/RCFaminas/article/view/414

Wang, L., Yu, G., Zhang, X., Wang, Y.Z., e Chen, YP (2023). Relationship between ankle pain, range of motion, strength and balance in individuals with functional ankle instability: a cross-sectional study. BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 24(1), 955. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-023-07079-1