Análise de estudos longitudinais com jovens jogadores de futebol do sexo masculino: uma revisão sistemática

Christian Mandovani Lima; Vicente Pinheiro Lima; Yuri Rolim Lopes Silva; Moisés Augusto de Oliveira Borges; Sergio de Carvalho Júnior

doi:10.46642/efd.v30i334.8538

Christian Mandovani Lima Universidade Estadual de Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0905-8134
Vicente Pinheiro Lima Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5835-1747
Yuri Rolim Lopes Silva Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5973-3773
Moisés Augusto de Oliveira Borges Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3372-5932
Sergio de Carvalho Júnior Universidade Estácio de Sá (UNESA) https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9823-911X

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46642/efd.v30i334.8538

Resumen

Objetivo: Analizar las características de estudios longitudinales con futbolistas jóvenes (13-17 años), centrados en el rendimiento físico y la incidencia de lesiones. Método: Una búsqueda en seis bases de datos (PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, Scopus, BVS y SciELO) arrojó 994 artículos; 34 cumplieron los criterios de elegibilidad y se agruparon en cuatro áreas: aspectos comportamentales y motivacionales (5), lesiones (10), enfermedades en atletas jóvenes (2) y rendimiento físico (13). Resultados: Los estudios analizaron principalmente variables físicas relacionadas con el rendimiento y las lesiones. Las pruebas más frecuentes fueron los sprints de 10, 20 y 30 m, 30-15 IFT, Yo-Yo IR1 y evaluaciones de potencia muscular como Drop Jump (DJ) y Counter-Movement Jump (CMJ). Las medidas antropométricas, como el IMC y el porcentaje de grasa corporal, también fueron comunes. En cuanto a las lesiones, la mayoría resultaron en ausencias de menos de 7 días, siendo las lesiones musculares y los traumatismos de muslo las más destacadas. Las tasas variaron según la edad y la categoría, siendo mayores en los partidos que en los entrenamientos. Conclusión: Los estudios refuerzan la importancia del seguimiento continuo del rendimiento físico y las lesiones en jóvenes futbolistas.

Palabras clave: Fútbol, Rendimiento deportivo, Lesiones, Estudios longitudinales, Adolescentes

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