Análisis de la capacidad física de pacientes con hígado graso no alcohólico
Resumen
Introducción: La enfermedad del hígado graso no alcohólico (EHGNA) afecta al 25% de la población mundial. Durante la enfermedad, pueden ocurrir cambios metabólicos y disminución de capacidad física. El objetivo fue analizar y asociar el estadio de EHGNA con la capacidad física de pacientes. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional transversal en pacientes del Servicio de Gastroenterología/Hepatología de un hospital universitario de Porto Alegre, a quienes se les realizó biopsia hepática y análisis histopatológico según la clasificación de Kleiner. Los pacientes informaron datos personales, realizaron la Prueba de Marcha de Seis Minutos (PM6M) y la Prueba de Fuerza de Prensión Palmar (FPP) para evaluar su capacidad física. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó la prueba de Kolmogorov-Smirnov y Wilcoxon para verificar normalidad, la prueba T pareada para determinar la significancia de la PM6M observada vs. previsto, el análisis de varianza (ANOVA) con la prueba de histología Post-Hoc de Tukey, PM6M y FPP, y la prueba no paramétrica de Spearman para las correlaciones. Resultados: Se analizaron 54 pacientes de ambos sexos diagnosticados con EHGNA. Hubo correlación entre la práctica de ejercicios físicos con la PM6M (ρ .462; p<0,05) y la FPP (ρ .391; p<0,05), y entre fibrosis y dislipidemia (ρ .466; p<0,05). En el PM6M, 49 pacientes no lograron alcanzar el PM6M previsto. Conclusión: Se demostró que la población con EHGNA tiene menor capacidad física que la estimación de una población sana. No se encontraron datos que caractericen una relación entre la PM6M y la clasificación histológica de la enfermedad.
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Derechos de autor 2021 Lecturas: Educación Física y Deportes
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